Papers by Keyword: XRF

Abstract: Carbon dioxide is a dangerous pollutant that harms the environment and triggers global warming, which causes greenhouse gases. Serpentine is a rock rich in magnesium silicate, which can be used to reduce carbon dioxide pollutants through adsorption technology. Aceh Province has the potential for serpentine rocks, which can be processed to adsorb carbon dioxide pollutants. This research examines the characteristics of serpentine based on its morphology and chemical composition as a carbon dioxide adsorbing material. The serpentine aceh was obtained from Indrapuri Regency, Aceh Province. The thermal activation stage is as follows: serpentine aceh is collected, cleaned, reduced in size, and dried, then serpentine aceh is ground to a size of 50 mesh (297–149 µm), 100 mesh (149–94 µm) and 150 mesh (94–74 μm). The serpentine aceh was thermally activated using a furnace at 750 °C for 1.5 hours for all particle sizes. The characterization of serpentine aceh, which consists of morphological and chemical structure analysis using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and chemical composition using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results show that the characteristics of serpentine aceh before being activated have a lizardite and chrysotile structure with a chemical composition of SiO₂ 38.83% and MgO 29.95%, and after being thermally activated, serpentine aceh has an antigorite structure with a chemical composition of SiO₂ 45.42% and MgO 36.83% at 150 mesh. This research contributes to utilizing one of Aceh's natural mineral resources, serpentine rock, as an alternative CCS material to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Abstract: The natural resources of the coastal sands of North Sulawesi are very potential and need to be explored and developed. Sand is composed of compounds based on the location of the sand along the coast. The potential of beach sand, namely Si (Silicon) can be a basic material such as SiC (Silicon Carbide) functional materials, semiconductors, and others. The first stage is sampling of white sand at several points and varying sand depths. Furthermore, the white sand is cleaned of impurities and iron sand. The second stage is sand preparation, sand identification and the third stage is silica extraction using the Alkali Fusion method using a high concentration base. Testing of elemental composition using XRF (X-ray Fluorescence), crystal structure using X-Ray Diffraction, and functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared. The results of XRF analysis show that beach sand is composed of chemical compositions with a chemical component of CaO > 80%, the results of XRD analysis show that Silica (SiO2) compounds are in the form of quartz and show the Si-O functional group.

Abstract: Bidriware is an ancient metal-based object of Art from South India dating back to 14th Century A.D. The base casting in a Bidriware work is made of a Zn-Cu alloy in the ratio of 16:1 while the inlay work is hemmed with pure silver. The black patination obtained on the surface of Bidriware has been a source of mystery and intrigue for a long time. In this work, this black patination has been investigated to understand the chemistry behind it. The patination in Bidriware is actually a combination of Cupric oxide, Cupric chloride and other minute quantities of cuprous oxide, cupric nitrate and Zinc oxide, which are the results obtained from XRD, SEM, Optical microscopy and XRF analysis. We have further found that similar black patination can be obtained on the surfaces of pure copper and yellow brass. Since black oxide layers have multiple applications in many fields for the property of black body, a novel method, based on ancient knowledge, has been suggested here to obtain similar surfaces on pure copper and yellow brass samples.

Abstract: XRF characterization results showed that coal boiler ash contained SiO2 = 29.3%; Al2O3= 14%; Fe2O3= 30.9%; CaO= 18.3% and palm shell boiler ash containing SiO2 = 48.9%; Fe2O3= 3.42%; CaO= 13.8%. The FTIR test results show that the OH stretching vibration of the SiOH group absorbs in the regions 3676, 3597, 3462, and 3315 cm-1 at the peak of the coal boiler ash spectrum and 3614, 3502, 3365, and 3323 cm-1 at the peak of the palm shell boiler ash spectrum. From the ECC mortar FTIR test results, it can be seen that the functional group changes with the OH stretching vibration of the SiOH group absorbing in the 3387 cm-1 area. The results of the ECC mortar compressive strength test at 28 days increased with the addition of coal boiler ash up to 15% and palm shell boiler ash 10%, so the compressive strength was 59.30 MPa.

Abstract: Utilization of agricultural by products as a reinforcement which offers a effective consequences on composite materials in the present days. Also a number of the agro waste substances as an ash are secondary filler material for Metal matrix composite materials. In this paper observe changed into achieved on characterization of agriculture waste ashes like Rice husk ash (RHA) and ASA (Areca sheath ash), burned at Controlled temperatures at 650°C in a metallurgical furnace at 3 exceptional durations of instances like 1hr, 2hr, and 3hr. Also each ashes were chemically and physically characterized, consequently decide the proportion of composition. The ensuing ashes have been analyzed the use of chemical evaluation via XRF and volumetric, gravimetric and instrumental test, SEM and EDS to determine their chemical composition which may be similarly used as reinforcement with metal matrix composites. Results acquired that impact of burning temperature and time on Chemical composition, Physical property, Loss of ignition (LOI) and Density. The ashes have been discovered to include excessive percent of silica content of 90% to 92% in Rice husk ash and 74% to 78% in Areca palm leaf sheath ash, after which accompanied through alumina content of 0.89% to 0.98% in each substances at 650^oc temperatures respectively, additionally density of 0.98gm/cc for RHA and 1.12gm/cc Areca palm leaf sheath ash. Loss on ignition (LOI) of 4.5% to5.5% acquired on the equal temperature. These consequences suggests that rice husk ash and Areca sheath ash include excessive percent silica and a few alumina and may be utilized in chemical formulations requiring silica which include in metal matrix composites.

Abstract: The material of FA Nagan Raya (FANR) is the alternative base material in geopolymer generated from the power plantation, Nagan Raya, Acheh, Indonesia. It was recorded that the volume of FANR material is abundant in the landfill so that it impacted on the environment. It was due to there was no investigation to evaluate the waste of FANR to be a material in the concrete. This study interested to evaluate the material of FANR to be a base material in the geopolymer referring to the analyses of XRF, XRD, SEM, FTIR, and TGA. The results showed that the material of FANR was rich in Si and Al content that contributed to the mechanical properties. While the chemical content of Ca contributed to the setting time in the geopolymer system. The XRD analysis showed that the FANR particle and binder of a geopolymer were categorized as the crystalline material. It was supported by the FTIR analysis that showed the good chemical bond of Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al. The SEM analysis showed that the particle shape of FANR was a sphere with the misty surface. This particle shape caused the absorption of a more alkaline solution to maintain the workability in the fresh geopolymer. It was supported by the analysis of TGA that showed more water in the FANR geopolymer binder. It concluded that the material of FANR is eligible to be used as the base material in the geopolymer system.

Abstract: Pulp capping has been suggested as one treatment of choice after pulp exposure. Calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH)₂] recognized as gold standard of direct pulp capping matter for some decades. Throughout the time, a new cement known as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has developed into a prominent alternative. A recent study found that matter as the most effective pulp capping material. Despite the fact, MTA is an expensive material. Several studies in different country show that portland cement has highly similarity chemical composition with MTA. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of white portland cement that fabricated in Indonesia compared to MTA. White portland cement fabricated in Indonesia was used as a sample in this study and commercial MTA as a control. Samples and control were assessed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) to figure out chemical composition and concentration. Investigating the wavelength of the functional group using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that composition, concentration, and functional group either Indonesian white portland cement and MTA has highly similar. Hence, it has a chance to use Indonesian white portland cement for dental pulp capping material as MTA substitution.

Abstract: On the basis of the experimental data, a method and mechanism for modifying magnesia binders with iron ore concentrate has been proposed. It consists in form of a material reinforced fine-crystalline structure with elongated magnesium oxychloride crystals, which improves its physical and mechanical characteristics. The components of iron ore concentrate and magnesia binder, having improved sorption properties, significantly accelerates the formation of such a structure.

Abstract: Introducing or impregnating Mg(OH)₂ onto activated carbon is a promising path for wastewater treatment of uptake (removal) uranium from aqueous solution. The present study aims to synthesize and characterize Mg(OH)­₂-impregnated activated carbon from coconut shell. The introducing or impregnating Mg(OH)₂ into treated biochar by activation method using various impregnation ratio (IR) of MgCl₂ (IR = 0.5; 1.0; 2.0). Characterization of functional groups in produced activated carbon was conducted with the aid of FTIR spectroscopy. The presence of O-H or Mg(hydroxyl) bond was confirmed by FTIR analysis at 3343.50 cm^-1 with the highest intensity of the obtained peak at impregnation ratio (IR) 2.0. Due to the surface area is one of the important factors that control a material’s ability to adsorb contaminations, the surface area of activated carbon was measured about 353-358 m²/g by BET method. To indicate that introducing or impregnating Mg(OH)₂ or Mg(hydroxyl) into treated carbon is successfully work, the presence of Mg (%w) in activated carbon was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis with the highest Mg presence about 28.587 (%w) at impregnation ratio (IR) 2.0.

Abstract: Determining the quantitative composition of clay samples with X-ray fluorescent spectrometry is complicated because of the matrix effect, in which any element can increase or decrease the analytical signals of other elements. In order to predict the properties of clays, it is essential to know their precise chemical composition. Therefore, using the standard addition method was determined calibration and empirical influence coefficients, as well as the true composition of the elements. Farther, these coefficients were used to correct the matrix effect and develop a multi-parameter optimization method. It was determined that in clay samples, consisting of Si, Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, Na and Ti oxide formula units, the most significant contribution for matrix effect correction calculations was from the calibration coefficients. Moreover, the largest deviation from the X-ray fluorescent data and true values was determined in the MgO and Na₂O cases. In this study was established, that the developed multi-parameter method can be successfully applied to determine the quantitative chemical composition of clay samples of similar compositions.