Papers by Keyword: Xyloglucan

Abstract: In this study, Chitosan-Xyloglucan encapsulated Titanium dioxide was prepared by in-situ method for coating Silk fabric. FT-IR XRD characterized the functional groups and formation of crystallization of composite film. SEM analysis showed the immobilization of composite film on the surface of silk fabric. The coated silk fabrics were stained with methylene blue, and the stain removal efficiency was evaluated. The results showed that the composite film was deposited onto the silk fabric. The functional groups showed peaks around 1635 to 1636 and 400 to 500 cm^-1 that indicate the presence of C=N groups of Chitosan-Xyloglucan and Ti-O groups of TiO₂ on the composite, respectively. The XRD results indicated that the TiO₂ prepared by the sol-gel method was an anatase crystalline structure. The mechanical properties showed the composite film was superior to the Chitosan-Xyloglucan, TiO₂, and uncoated silk fabric. Finally, the methylene blue degradation capability was investigated. The coated silk fabric has insignificantly removing methylene blue stain than the untreated silk fabric, but it is noticeably repellent to stain.

Abstract: Last few decades, tamarind seed that is the food industrial waste was extracted their kernel to obtain xyloglucan for food, cosmetic, and medical applications. This study aimed to practically prepare and physically characterize the films containing xyloglucan (XG), bacterial cellulose (BC) and glycerol (GLY) for cosmetic applications. In the experiment, the films were prepared by varying (XG:GLY)-%BC ratio and using solution casting method. Preliminary, the films were observed the morphology. Subsequently, it was performed the adhesive test by using Texture Analyzer. From the preparation, it was found that the addition of BC provided the non-wrinkled films unlike the films that were prepared without BC addition. However, low transparent films were obtained from the addition of BC. From the adhesive test, the stickiness (SN), the adhesiveness (AN), and the cohesiveness (CN) were obtained simultaneously. The results revealed that the increasing of GLY and BC trendily increased SN and CN of the films, which (10:90)-9% films provided the highest SN (57.64 g) and AN (1.01 g.sec). However, (10:90)-9% films and (20:80)-8% provided insignificant difference of SN and AN. Meanwhile, (30:70)-7% films provided the lowest SN (10.77 g) and AN (0.21 g.sec). Moreover, the influence of GLY and BC on decreasing of CN was significantly found on (30:70)-7% films only. As the results, it could be concluded as the addition of BC into the films provided the non-wrinkled films, and the increasing of GLY provided the high adhesive films that suitable to apply on the skin for used as the transdermal patch. In the future works, the films will be added by the herbal extracts to provide biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-microbial, and anti-melanogenesis to the films.

Abstract: The object of this study was to develop the clindamycin transdermal patch using extracts of tamarind seeds as novel gelling agent for transdermal delivery. The patch was composed of tamarind seed extracts having xyloglucan as a main composition, 1% clindamycin, and various ratios of glycerin and propylene glycol i.e. 10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8 and 0:10, as plasticizer and penetration enhancer, respectively. The clindamycin patch was prepared by casting method. The content of clindamycin in the patch, the tensile strength and the drug release from the patch were evaluated. Moreover, the cup and plate method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of clindamycin patch compared with commercial available clindamycin gel in the market, and Staphyllococcus aureus was used as test organism in this study. The results showed that the good physical stability of clindamycin patches were successfully prepared. The ratio of composition in the formulation affected the tensile strength and the drug release. As the ratio of propylene glycol to glycerin in the formulation was increased, the tensile strength and the drug release increased. The formulation composed of the ratio of glycerin and propylene glycol (4:6) showed the highest drug release and the best efficiency in antibiotic test. Our results indicated that the extracts of tamarind seeds could be a potential biopolymer and also applied as controlled release in transdermal delivery system.

Abstract: Xyloglucan and Galactomannan as biopolymers were extracted from mature seeds of Tamarindus indica L. and Cassia fistula, respectively. They are natural hydrocolloid which widely applied as thickening, stabilizing, gelling agents in many industries due to its specific functional properties when dissolving in water. In this study, the effect of galactomannan addition on dynamic properties of xyloglucan aqueous solution was investigated at 20°C by using a Haake Rheometer RS75. The low concentration of xyloglucan solution (3.13wt%) was interested and fixed while the concentrations of galactomannan aqueous solutions were varied from 0.5 to 2.78wt%. The results showed that both pure hydrocolloids and their mixed solutions presented the typical shape for macromolecular solutions: loss modulus (G´´) > storage modulus (G´) at studied frequencies. The magnitudes of both moduli (G´, G´´) of the mixed system were enhanced when higher galactomannan solution (2.78wt%) adding, resulting the higher viscous of galactomannan solution than that xyloglucan solution.

Abstract: Illuminating fundamental aspects of plant cell wall mechanics will lead to novel biological and engineering inspired strategies for application in the cotton and wood fiber industries and in developing novel plant-derived materials that are increasingly seen as environmentally friendly alternatives. The stiffness properties of cell wall polymers such as cellulose microfibrils and xyloglucans are known but the relationship between the composite structure of the wall and its effective stiffness remains poorly understood. Understanding this relationship is important to engineers using and designing plant-derived materials and to biologists studying plant growth. We have developed a software system to generate microfibril-xyloglucan networks resembling those found in cell walls. Finite element analysis was implemented to predict the effective Young’s modulus of varying sizes of the microfibril-xyloglucan network. Results from the finite element models show that the network’s effective moduli of the cell walls having microfibrils parallel to applied loadings are relatively high (~90-215MPa) compared with those of the walls having randomly oriented microfibrils (~20-47MPa). The walls having microfibrils parallel to each other but perpendicular to applied loadings have lowest stiffness (~17-118kPa). The Young’s moduli are significantly lower than those of its constituent polymers and generally in agreement with experimentally measured values.