The structure of the (1 x 2) reconstruction, which was induced by 0.1 of a monolayer of Ca atoms on the Au(113) surface, was studied by using medium-energy ion scattering. The data showed that the (1 x 2) surface corresponded to a missing-row type of reconstruction. Monte Carlo simulations of the experiment provided a quantitative picture of the atomic positions at the surface. All of the displacements in the surface region were such that the resultant structure smoothed out the corrugations which were inherent in a missing-row reconstruction. The relationship between this reconstruction and the energy balance between competing surface electronic charge densities was considered.

Q.T.Jiang, T.Gustafsson, P.Häberle, D.M.Zehner: Physical Review B, 1992, 45[24], 14256-63