Measurements of the radiation damage rate in Cu and Au showed that dynamic crowdions caused the spontaneous annihilation of radiation-generated vacancies and interstitials during irradiation; such that the initial production rate of interstitials and vacancies was decreased by some orders of magnitude with respect to the initial damage rate. The number of replacement collision sequences was 40000 in pure materials, and decreased to 15 when undersized or oversized atoms were added. It was shown that dynamic crowdions caused tracer diffusion and interdiffusion (of Ag in Ni, and Ni in Ag) and that they were able to destroy order very effectively. Three-dimensionally migrating radiation-produced point defects caused micro-structural changes above the temperature range where they were sufficiently mobile. That is, above 125C in Ni and above -16C in Cu. There were no 3-dimensionally migrating defects, below these temperatures, that contributed to diffusion.

W.Schüle: Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1996, 233-237B, 964-8