The relative introduction rates of Ga vacancies into n-type material that was irradiated with 60Co -rays, 7MeV electrons, 14MeV fusion neutrons, 1MeV fission neutrons, 0.6 to 200MeV protons, 1 to 10MeV deuterons, 2.5 to 10MeV  particles, 5 to 20MeV Li ions or 10 to 30MeV O ions were determined. It was found that the measured introduction rates for proton energies of up to 10MeV, and for heavy ions, agreed reasonably well with Rutherford scattering predictions. The results for electron irradiation also agreed with the corresponding simulations.

S.M.Khanna, A.Jorio, C.Carlone, M.Parenteau, A.Houdayer, J.W.Gerdes: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 1995, 42[6], 2095-103