Heavily deformed dilute alloys which contained about 0.5vol% of small plate-like -Al15Mn3Si2 particles were subjected to rapid heat treatments in order to induce primary recrystallization. It was found that the resultant microstructures were unusual, in that they had large grain sizes and contained significant numbers of annealing twins. It was proposed that the twins formed due to the presence of the particles, which either pinned the grain boundaries anisotropically or affected grain nucleation during recrystallization.

R.L.Higginson, M.Aindow, P.S.Bate: Philosophical Magazine Letters, 1995, 72[4], 193-8