It was demonstrated that the apparently complex stacking sequence changes which were observed in topologically close-packed phases could be explained in terms of ground state phases which were derived from a simple 1-dimensional stacking model that involved only a few interplanar interactions. It was also shown that the energy of creation of various possible stacking defects in such phases could be assessed by using this model.

S.Pei, T.B.Massalski: Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1995, 43[6], 2385-94