The structures of fullerene films on the (001) surfaces of LaAlO3, SrTiO3, ZrO2, NaCl, KBr, or of an amorphous quartz substrate, were studied by using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic techniques. It was found that all of the films had a face-centered cubic structure, with corresponding lattice parameters of 1.410, 1.410, 1.417, 1.416, 1.425, and 1.412nm, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate films which had been grown on NaCl(001) substrates at various temperatures. This showed that, during initial growth of the film, it contained mainly micro-particles with a face-centered cubic structure, although a few particles with the hexagonal close-packed structure co-existed in the film. The number of hexagonal close-packed particles was reduced at higher substrate temperatures. The results indicated that planar defects and hexagonal close-packed particles could contribute to low-angle saw-tooth features in the (111) peak of X-ray diffraction patterns. The existence of an abnormal defect in the face-centered cubic stacking, with a ABCAAAABC... sequence in the (111) direction (normally impossible in face-centered cubic spherical packings) suggested that the adhesive forces between C60 molecules were strong.

W.Zhao, W.L.Zhou, L.Q.Chen, Y.Z.Huang, Z.B.Zhang, K.K.Fung, Z.X.Zhao: Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 1994, 112[2], 412-7