A microscopic theory for the defect-induced emission of atoms from non-metallic surfaces was presented. The results agreed very well with experimental data on emission yields as a function of the number of laser shots, laser fluence, and incident photon energy. The results showed that the emission of atoms at low photon energies and laser fluences arose only from surface defects such as adatoms and steps. Such emissions could not be obtained from the defect-free semiconductor surfaces which were considered here.

J.Singh, N.Itoh, Y.Nakai, J.Kanasaki, A.Okano: Physical Review B, 1994, 50[16], 11730-7