Experiments were performed, on grain-boundary diffusion, which took account of high- and low-angle boundaries (tilt, twist), the effect of impurities, dislocation dissociation, non-equilibrium structural states, atom size and the solubility of the diffusant.

Diffusivity of Grain Boundaries in Aluminium Bi-Crystals. K.Przybylowicz, I.Suliga: Solid State Phenomena, 2000, 72, 229-33