Interdiffusion and Kirkendall effects at 1100C were studied in diffusion couples made from the alloys: Ni-30Cu-5%Fe, Fe-29.5Ni-16.5%Cu, Ni-50%Fe, Ni-49%Cu, Cu-20%Ni, Fe-5%Cu and Cu-16%Ni. The Kirkendall shift, as measured using very small thoria particles, was found to be up to 12μm in the diffusion couple, Ni-30Cu-5Fe/Fe-29.5Ni-16.5Cu, after annealing for 196h. The results were considered in terms of using an alternative set of effective interdiffusion coefficients which was deduced from a single diffusion-couple experiment.

Interdiffusion and Kirkendall Effect in the Fe-Ni-Cu System. U.Ugaste, A.A.Kodentsov, F.J.J.van Loo: Solid State Phenomena, 2000, 72, 117-22