Impedance measurements were carried out at temperatures below 600C on the oxide-ion conductor, Zn2-2xTi1+xO4, using frequencies of 20Hz to 1MHz. The frequency dependence of the electric modulus exhibited a double peak in the cubic structure. These results differed from those for the Zn2-x/2Ti1+xTaxO4 system, where single and double peaks were observed for the cubic and tetragonal phases, respectively. The electric-modulus profile of the present system was not significantly affected by the composition, and activation energies could be deduced from both the lower- and higher-frequency peaks. The lower-frequency relaxation was supposed to be related to long-range ion-hopping, since the activation energy which was deduced from the lower-frequency peak was close to that for conductivity.

Conductivity Relaxation Phenomena in the Oxide Ion Conductor, Zn2TiO4. S.Takai, Y.Asahi, T.Esaka: Solid State Ionics, 2000, 136-137, 101-5