Polycrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics were synthesized from Mn-coated BaTiO3 powders by hot-press sintering. The diffusion coefficients of the Mn, Ba, Ti ions near to the grain boundary were estimated from the chemical distribution near to the grain boundary of the ceramics; the chemical distribution was obtained via analytical transmission electron microscopy. The grain boundary potential barrier height was also estimated from the chemical distribution.

Determination of Diffusion Coefficients and Grain Boundary Potential Barrier Heights of Semiconducting BaTiO3 Ceramics. M.B.Park, C.D.Kim, N.H.Cho: Materials Science and Engineering B, 2003, 99[1-3], 15-9