It was recalled that several phenomena depended upon interactions between solute atoms and migrating grain boundaries or phase interfaces. It was noted that there were 2 approaches to this problem: solute drag and Gibbs energy dissipation. The latter had been applied to a sharp-interface model, and resulted in a treatment that was in accordance with the predictions of irreversible thermodynamics. When applied to the homogeneous interface model, problems occurred at high velocities. When applied to a wedge-shaped description of the interface properties, a flexible treatment was possible but it was difficult to choose the model parameters. The application of the solute drag approach to phase transformations was considered and it was suggested that it should give the same result as the dissipation approach.

Solute Drag, Solute Trapping and Diffusional Dissipation of Gibbs Energy. M.Hillert: Acta Materialia, 1999, 47[18], 4481-505