The formation of dislocations in a shape memory alloy during training was observed by means of transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the dislocations which were introduced during training originated from stacking faults in the quenched alloy. When the training had progressed to some extent, all of the faults disappeared and instead net dislocations occurred in martensite plates.

Formation of Dislocations in a CuZnAlMnNi Shape Memory Alloy during Training. Y.J.Bai, C.W.Lu, Z.W.Yu: Materials Science and Engineering A, 2002, 323[1-2], 484-6