The microstructures of cold-worked Ti-free and 2.5wt%Ti-containing austenitic Fe-36.5wt%Ni alloys were studied. Room-temperature deformation of the alloys was shown to cause the migration and clustering of vacancies. The vacancies interacted with Ti, and the Ti atoms acted as nuclei for vacancy clusters. In the Ti-containing alloys, positron trapping by dislocations was found to be blocked. This was caused by the segregation of Ti atoms and the nucleation of ν-phase Ni3Ti at dislocations. The Ni3Ti precipitated in dislocations and thereby suppressed the initial stage of recrystallization during post-deformation annealing.

Positron-Annihilation Study of the Microstructure Evolution in Deformed Fe-Ni Austenitic Alloys Containing Titanium. V.L.Arbuzov, A.P.Druzhkov, N.L.Pecherkina, S.E.Danilov, D.A.Perminov, V.V.Sagaradze: Physics of Metals and Metallography, 2001, 92[1], 70-6