A structural model of the antiphase boundaries introduced by phase transition in perovskite and layered perovskite oxides was put forward. Besides the distortion of O octahedra, the existence of 2 types of ion with different sizes on A sites in perovskite blocks and their ordering in local areas might be the reasons for the occurrence of antiphase boundaries. It could explain why antiphase boundaries exist in SrBi2Ta2O9, Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12, La2–xBaxCuO4, and La2/3Ca1/3MnO3, but not in Bi4Ti3O12 and Nd2NiO4 through their specific structure phase transitions. The formation of antiphase boundaries might reflect the chemical inhomogeneity in local areas. Empirical results support this model.

A Model of Phase Transition Induced Antiphase Boundaries in Perovskite and Layered Perovskite Oxides. Y.Ding, D.D.Liang: Journal of Applied Physics, 2002, 92[9], 5425-8