A simple model was used to predict nuclear quadrupole interactions that were caused by point defects at the nearest-neighbor sites of probe atoms in cubic metals. The binding energies between defects and impurity probe atoms were also predicted. The model assumed that electrostatic interactions predominated over strain interactions. It was checked by using data on 111In/Cd probes next to solute atoms in noble metals, or next to vacancies in metals and intermetallic phases. The magnitude of the quadrupole interaction was found to correlate well with charge-transfer between the host metal and the defect. The charge transfer was taken to be proportional to the difference between the work functions of the defect and the host element. Good correlations were found between the experimental and calculated interactions for the generally over-sized 111In/Cd probe. The charge-transfer model was expected to be applicable to other probes that were over-sized.

Charge Transfer Model for Quadrupole Interactions and Binding Energies of Point Defects with 111In/Cd Probes in Cubic Metals. G.S.Collins, M.O.Zacate: Hyperfine Interactions, 2003, 151-152[1-4], 77-91