The role of Al alloying on strength properties and deformation mechanisms (slip, twinning) of <123> single crystals of Hadfield steel under tensile loading at T = 300K was demonstrated. It was found out that Al alloying suppresses twinning deformation in the <123> single crystals and, during slip, resulted in a dislocation structure change from a uniform dislocation distribution to a planar dislocation structure.

The Effect of Aluminum Alloying on Strength Properties and Deformation Mechanisms of the <123> Hadfield Steel Single Crystals. E.G.Astafurova, M.S.Tukeev, Y.I.Chumlyakov: Russian Physics Journal, 2007, 50[10], 959-63