The V(111) surface facets to form (100) planes by a twinning mechanism. These (100) planes were themselves reconstructed to a p(2 x 2) phase which was quite different from the (5 x 1) phase formed on macro-V(100) planes. Both reconstructions were unique to vanadium: the relationship between them was discussed.

Another Unique Reconstruction of the V(100) Surface - p(2 x 2) Microfacets on a (111) Oriented Crystal. P.W.Davies, R.M.Lambert: Chemical Physics Letters, 1981, 83[3], 480-2