An investigation was made of the Li-induced phase transition from the Ge(111)(3 x 1):Li to the Ge(111)-(√3 x √3):Li reconstruction with photo-emission. The Ge(111)-(3 x 1):Li reconstruction could be described as parallel rows of Ge atoms separated by single rows of Li atoms. The Ge(111)-(√3 x √3):Li reconstruction, on the other hands, had to be described in terms of a Li-germanide phase extending over at least two atomic layers.

Li-Induced Phase Transition from the Ge(111)3 x 1:Li Surface Reconstruction to the Ge(111)(√3x√3):Li Lithium Germanide. T.M.Grehk, M.Göthelid, M.Björkqvist, G.Le Lay, U.O.Karlsson: Physical Review B, 2000, 61, 4963-7