This high-index stable planar surface, oriented 19.5° away from (001) towards (111), underwent a 2 x 1 reconstruction. A complete model for the reconstructed surface was proposed which was based upon scanning tunnelling microscopic images and first-principles total-energy calculations. The structure and stability of Si(114)-(2 x 1) arose from a balance between surface dangling-bond reduction and surface stress relief, and provided a key for understanding the morphology of a family of surfaces oriented between (001) and (114).

Structure and Stability of Si(114)-(2 x 1). S.C.Erwin, A.A.Baski, L.J.Whitman: Physical Review Letters, 1996, 77, 687-90

2 x 1 Reconstruction of Si (114)