It was noted that X-ray diffraction had become a powerful in situ probe of the atomic structure at the metal/electrolyte interface. Potentiodynamic measurements were considered in which the X-ray intensity at a selected reciprocal lattice point was monitored as the applied electrode potential was cycled. This technique was termed X-ray voltammetry in direct analogy to the electrochemical technique of cyclic voltammetry. The application of the technique was highlighted by examples of surface reconstruction, metal growth and the adsorption and oxidation of carbon monoxide.

Atomic Structure at the Electrochemical Interface. C.A.Lucas: Journal of Physics D, 1999, 32[10A], 198-201