The interactions between four different graphenes (including pristine, B- or Ndoped
and defective graphenes) and small gas molecules (CO, NO, NO2 and NH3)
were investigated by using density functional computations. The structural and
electronic properties of the graphene–molecule adsorption adducts were strongly
dependent upon the graphene structure and the molecular adsorption configuration.
All four gas molecules showed much stronger adsorption on the doped or defective
graphenes than that on the pristine graphene. The defective graphene exhibited the
highest adsorption energy with CO, NO and NO2 molecules, while the B-doped
graphene gives the tightest binding with NH3. Meanwhile, the strong interactions
between the adsorbed molecules and the modified graphenes induce dramatic
changes to graphene's electronic properties. The transport behaviour of a gas sensor
using B-doped graphene exhibited a sensitivity two orders of magnitude higher
than that of pristine graphene. This work revealed that the sensitivity of graphenebased
chemical gas sensors could be drastically improved by introducing the
appropriate dopant or defect. Improving Gas Sensing Properties of Graphene by Introducing Dopants and
Defects: a First-Principles Study. Y.H.Zhang, Y.B.Chen, K.G.Zhou, C.H.Liu,
J.Zeng, H.L.Zhang, Y.Peng: Nanotechnology, 2009, 20[18], 185504