The point defect structure of cementite (Fe3C) was investigated using a
combination of the statistical mechanical Wagner–Schottky model and firstprinciples
calculations within the generalized gradient approximation. Large 128-
atom super-cells were employed to obtain fully converged point defect formation energies. The present study unambiguously showed that carbon vacancies and
octahedral carbon interstitials were the structural defects in C-depleted and C-rich
cementite, respectively. The dominant thermal defects in C-depleted and
stoichiometric cementite were found to be carbon Frenkel pairs. In C-rich
cementite, however, the primary thermal excitations were strongly temperaturedependent:
interbranch, Schottky and Frenkel defects dominate successively with
increasing temperature. Using the nudged elastic band technique, the migration
barriers of major point defects in cementite were also determined and compared
with available experiments in the literature.
Point Defect Thermodynamics and Diffusion in Fe3C: a First-Principles Study.
C.Jiang, B.P.Uberuaga, S.G.Srinivasan: Acta Materialia, 2008, 56[13], 3236-44