The structures and stability of single silicon interstitials in their neutral state were
investigated via first principles calculations in 3C- and 4H-SiC. By carefully
checking the convergence with Brillouin zone sampling and super-cell size, the
disagreement between previous published results was explained and it was shown
that the split interstitial along the (110) direction, and the tetrahedrally carbon
coordinated structure had competing formation energies in the cubic polytype. A
new migration mechanism for the silicon interstitial in the neutral state was
presented here, and could be important for the evolution of defect populations in
SiC. For 4H-SiC, the most energetically favourable silicon interstitial was found to
be the split interstitial configuration ISisp<110> but situated in the hexagonal layer.
The defect formation energies in 4H-SiC were generally larger than those in 3CSiC;
implying that the insertion of silicon interstitials introduced a large lattice
distortion into the local coordination environments and affected even the secondor
third-nearest neighbours. A comparison was also made between well-converged
plane-wave calculations and calculations involving three localised orbital basis
sets. One of them, in spite of providing a reasonable description of the bulk
properties, was not suitable for describing interstitial defects.
First-Principles Study of Neutral Silicon Interstitials in 3C- and 4H-SiC. T.Liao,
G.Roma, J.Wang: Philosophical Magazine, 2009, 89[26], 2271-84