Attention was focussed here on the atomistic structure and stability of the TiN(100)
surface in contact with an oxidizing atmosphere. The early oxidation stages of
TiN(100) were investigated by means of first-principles molecular dynamics.
Selective oxidation of Ti atoms and the formation of an ultra-thin Ti oxide layer
was observed, while Ti vacancies were left behind at the metal/oxide interface. Within the formalism of ab initio thermodynamics, the segregation energies of
vacancies and vacancy clusters at the metal/oxide interface were computed:
comparing the stability of the system obtained by first-principles molecular
dynamics simulations with ideally reconstructed models. It was found that the
localization of Ti vacancies in the thin oxide layer and at the TiN/oxide interface
was thermodynamically stable and could account for the early removal of N atoms
from the interface by segregation of N vacancies from the bulk reservoir. It was
suggested that superficial oxidation could occur along two distinct pathways: a
thermodynamically stable path along the potential-energy minimum surface and a
metastable kinetically driven path that resulted from the high heat release during
the dissociation of O2.
Vacancy Segregation in the Initial Oxidation Stages of the TiN(100) Surface.
J.Zimmermann, M.W.Finnis, L.C.Ciacchi: Journal of Chemical Physics, 2009,
130[13], 134714