In order to find relationships among the atomic structure, electronic structure, and
defect energetics, [001](310)Σ5 grain boundaries of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 were
investigated by using first-principles calculations and high-resolution scanning
transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the rigid-body translations of
one grain with respect to the other were indispensable to obtain the stable grain
boundary structure, and the rigid-body translation played an important role to
reduce the structural distortions such as dangling bonds and strains. It was clearly
demonstrated that a fit of calculated structures with microscopy images was not
enough to determine the grain boundary structure unless O columns can be seen in
the microscopy image. Although the vacancy formation energy depends on the
atomic site, the defect energetics at the grain boundary was found to be similar to
that in the bulk. It was also found that Ti vacancy was more sensitive to the
structural distortions than Sr(Ba) and O vacancies. This would be caused by the
difference in the bonding character of Ti-O and Sr(Ba)-O. Through this study, the
atomic structures of the [001](310)Σ5 grain boundaries of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 were
determined, and the characteristic electronic structures and defect energetics of
those grain boundaries were identified.
Atomic Structure, Electronic Structure, and Defect Energetics in [001](310)Σ5
Grain Boundaries of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3. M.Imaeda, T.Mizoguchi, Y.Sato,
H.S.Lee, S.D.Findlay, N.Shibata, T.Yamamoto, Y.Ikuhara: Physical Review B,
2008, 78[24], 245320