A study was made of the formation energy of the oxygen vacancy and its effect
upon spontaneous polarizations of Bi4Ti3O12 using first-principles theoretical
calculations. It was found that neutral and +2 charged oxygen vacancies preferred
sites in the Bi2O2 layers, while +1 charged oxygen vacancies were not stable. The
spontaneous polarizations of the perfect-crystal Bi4Ti3O12 in both the a and c
directions agreed with experiment. It was also shown that, even if neutral or
charged oxygen vacancies existed in a Bi2O2 layer, the spontaneous polarizations
were not altered significantly from those of the perfect crystal.
Oxygen Vacancy Formation Energy and Its Effect on Spontaneous Polarization in
Bi4Ti3O12: a First-Principles Theoretical Study. T.Hashimoto, H.Moriwake:
Physical Review B, 2008, 78[9], 092106