The structural relaxations and the formation energies of intrinsic defects in cubic
and orthorhombic CaTiO3 were investigated by a first principles projectoraugmented
wave method. It was found that cations and oxygen vacancies in both
phases cause extra levels near the valence band maximum and the conduction band
minimum, respectively, and the Ti-vacancy induced level in orthorhombic CaTiO3
was closer to the valence band maximum than that in cubic CaTiO3. Among the
neutral defect species, including neutral isolated vacancy, partial Schottky, and full
Schottky, it was found that the VCa
2-+VO
2+ and VO
0 were the most preferable defect
species for orthorhombic CaTiO3 under reduction and oxidization conditions,
respectively, whereas the VCa
2-+VO
2+ partial Schottky was always stable in any
atmosphere in cubic CaTiO3. As compared to cubic CaTiO3, it was found that
orthorhombic CaTiO3 exhibited higher defect formation energies.
First Principles Study on Intrinsic Vacancies in Cubic and Orthorhombic CaTiO3.
H.Lee, T.Mizoguchi, T.Yamamoto, Y.Ikuhara: Materials Transactions, 2009,
50[5], 977-83