Ceria nanoparticles with 20 and 40at.% RE (RE = Y, Sm, Gd or Yb) dopants were
synthesized through a micro-emulsion method. Independently of the dopant nature
and concentration, nearly monodispersed nanoparticles (3 to 5nm) were observed
via high-resolution transmission electron microscopic analysis. The ceria lattice either expands or contracts depending on the dopant cation ionic radii, as indicated
by X-ray diffraction studies. X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopic studies
were used to quantify the cerium oxidation state and oxygen vacancy
concentration. The results showed the tunability of the oxygen vacancy and Ce3+
concentrations based on the dopant properties. First principles simulations using
the free energy density functional theory method support the observed
experimental trends. The reported results establish a relationship between the
oxygen vacancies and oxidation states in doped ceria required for tailoring
properties in catalytic and biomedical applications.
Dopant-Mediated Oxygen Vacancy Tuning in Ceria Nanoparticles. S.Babu,
R.Thanneeru, T.Inerbaev, R.Day, A.E.Masunov, A.Schulte, S.Seal:
Nanotechnology, 2009, 20[8], 085713