Combining B3PW hybrid exchange-correlation functional within the density
functional theory and a super-cell model, first-principles calculations were made of
the electronic structures of both the ideal PbZrO3 (001) surface (with ZrO2- and
PbO-terminations) and of a neutral oxygen vacancy; also termed the F center. The
atomic relaxation and electronic density redistributions were considered. A
thermodynamic analysis of pure surfaces indicated that ZrO2 termination was energetically more favorable than was PbO termination. The O vacancy on the
ZrO2-surface attracted about 0.3e (0.7e in the bulk PbZrO3), while the remaining
electron density from the missing O2- ion was localized mostly on atoms nearest to
a vacancy. The calculated defect formation energy was smaller than in the bulk,
and was expected to lead to vacancy segregation to the surface. Unlike Ti-based
perovskites, the vacancy-induced (deep) energy level in PbZrO3 lay in the middle
of the band-gap.
The Electronic Properties of an Oxygen Vacancy at ZrO2-Terminated (001)
Surfaces of a Cubic PbZrO3: Computer Simulations from the First Principles.
E.A.Kotomin, S.Piskunov, Y.F.Zhukovskii, R.L.Eglitis, A.Gopejenko, D.E.Ellis:
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2008, 10[29], 4258-63