A detailed investigation was made of the migration kinetics of oxygen vacancies in
Ba-doped Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 ferroelectrics, using complex impedance spectroscopy.
The temperature-dependent dc electrical conductivity σdc suggested that Ba-doping
could significantly lower the density of oxygen vacancies, leading to a distinctly
reduced σdc and a slightly enhanced activation energy for the migration of oxygen
vacancies; thus benefiting the polarization fatigue resistance. Moreover, the
polarization fluctuation induced by the relaxation of oxygen vacancies was reduced
by the Ba doping. A Cole-Cole fitting to the dielectric loss revealed a strong
correlation among the oxygen vacancies, and the migration of oxygen vacancies
appeared to be a collective behaviour.
Characterization of Oxygen Vacancies and Their Migration in Ba-Doped
Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Ferroelectrics. M.F.Zhang, Y.Wang, K.F.Wang, J.S.Zhu,
J.M.Liu: Journal of Applied Physics, 2009, 105[6], 061639