Monocrystalline Ni-doped ZnO nanorods were synthesized through a chemical
method. The average length and diameter of these nanorods were in the ranges of
400–700nm and 25–40nm, respectively. Structural analyses revealed that the Nidoped
ZnO nanorods were of pure wurtzite hexagonal phase and grew along the
preferred c-axis direction. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy gives evidence that
the Ni dopant was in the +2 valence oxidation state and was uniformly distributed
in the nanorods. Full multiple-scattering ab initio calculations of Ni K-edge X-ray
absorption near edge structure analysis revealed that Ni impurity atoms were
substitutionally incorporated into ZnO host without formation of secondary phases
(Ni metal and Ni2O3). The comparison of experimental and simulated X-ray
absorption near edge structure spectra on Ni K edge revealed the presence of the oxygen vacancy (native defect) in the prepared nanorods. Photoluminescence
spectrum exhibited two emission peaks, which were ascribed to near band edge
transitions and broadened intensive green emission associated with oxygenvacancy
defects. Furthermore, the magnetic measurements revealed that the
nanorods exhibit intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism. Ferromagnetic
ordering was interpreted by the overlapping of polarons mediated through oxygen
vacancy based on the bound magnetic polaron model.
Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Green Emission and Room-Temperature
Ferromagnetism in Ni-Doped ZnO Nanorods. J.Iqbal, B.Wang, X.Liu, D.Yu,
B.He, R.Yu: New Journal of Physics, 2009, 11[6], 063009