Based upon first-principles density-functional calculations the structure of, and
diffusion of boron in, amorphous and silica was studied. It was found that
incorporation of a boron atom into the amorphous silica matrix resulted in various
minimum-energy configurations; with and without oxygen deficient centers. Also,
the B-related defects could undergo interconversion at high temperatures. Whereas
the B atoms preferred to remain in the trigonal BO3 form in amorphous silica, the
present results showed that B diffusion might require transformation of the
immobile BO3 state into a mobile B state via the capture of oxygen-vacancy related
defects equivalent to an S center; which was a combination of an oxygen vacancy
and a trivalent Si defect with an unpaired electron. Upon considering the energy
cost for S-center creation, the predicted activation energy for B diffusion was in
good agreement with experiment. Such a defect-mediated diffusion model could
also explain the observed correlation between B diffusion and Si self-diffusion in
amorphous silica.
Structure and Diffusion of Boron in Amorphous Silica: Role of Oxygen Vacancy
Related Defects. C.L.Kuo, G.S.Hwang: Physical Review B, 2009, 79[16], 165201