Based upon first-principles density-functional calculations, it was shown that F
interstitials in SiO2 behaved as negative fixed charges or as charge traps; depending
upon their positions relative to the Si/SiO2 interface. On the other hand, they
deactivated O vacancies, which were the predominant charge traps in SiO2, by
forming F-pair complexes at O sites, while a defect complex consisting of an O vacancy and a F atom remained an electrically active negative-U center. The
present model successfully explained controversial aspects of earlier experimental
analyses and suggested that correct annealing below a moderate F doping level
would lead to improved electrical properties of SiO2 by effectively deactivating the
O vacancies and F interstitials into F-pair complexes.
Mutual Deactivation of Electrically Active F Interstitials and O Vacancies into
Fluorine-Oxygen-Vacancy Complexes in SiO2. E.C.Lee, H.Ju: Physical Review B,
2009, 79[19], 193203