Transparent TiO2 films were produced via sol–gel spin and dip-coating techniques.

Soda-lime glass and SiO2 pre-coated glass were used as substrates. The thin films

were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray reflectometry, optical profilometer

and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. Na migration was detected in

the amorphous TiO2 films which were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates. In

order to prevent sodium migration a barrier layer was introduced between TiO2

film and glass. The beneficial role of this barrier layer on alkali migration was

verified and the mechanism of prevention of migration was proposed relying on the

results of glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy depth profile

measurements.

Determination of Sodium Migration in Sol–Gel Deposited Titania Films on Soda-

Lime Glass with Radio-Frequency Glow Discharge Optical Emission

Spectroscopy. B.Yuksel, E.D.Sam, O.C.Aktas, M.Urgen, A.F.Cakir: Applied

Surface Science, 2009, 255[7], 4001-4