It was noted that graphite had a high incidence of stacking faults, and that basal-plane dislocations frequently split into partials which bounded ribbons of stacking fault which were 650 to 1000Å wide. If these ribbons of stacking fault occurred at the same level in the film they often interacted to form stable networks. From measurements of the radius of curvature of dislocation nodes, the stacking fault energy was estimated to be approximately 0.25mJ/m2.

Imperfections in Natural Graphite. J.A.Hedley, D.R.Ashworth: Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1961, 4[1], 70-8