Using computational approaches based on model Hamiltonians and first-principles formalisms, an investigation was made of the structure and electronic properties of chiral edges and grain boundaries in graphene. It was shown that magnetic edge states were inherent to low-symmetry graphene edges and exhibited a number of systematic structure-property relations. Certain grain boundary structures were shown to dramatically affect electronic transport in polycrystalline graphene by reflecting charge carriers in considerable energy ranges

One-Dimensional Structural Irregularities in Graphene: Chiral Edges and Grain Boundaries. O.V.Yazyev, R.B.Capaz, S.G.Louie: Journal of Physics - Conference Series, 2011, 302[1], 012016