Intrinsic diffusivities and the Kirkendall effect were investigated in the Ni-Pd and Fe-Pd solid solution systems at 900 to 1200C, and 1100C, respectively (tables 20 to 25, figures 17 and 18). Couple techniques were used, including incremental and multi-foil types. A theoretical analysis of the Kirkendall effect was performed for a binary solid solution system. It was demonstrated that, depending upon the relative mobilities of the components in different parts of the interaction zone of binary diffusion couples, the appearance of 2 or more Kirkendall planes was to be expected. This phenomenon was predicted, and observed, in multi-phase Ni-Ti diffusion couple. It was not observed in experiments on single-phase Ni-Pd and Fe-Pd systems.
Intrinsic Diffusion and Kirkendall Effect in Ni-Pd and Fe-Pd Solid Solutions. M.J.H.Van Dal, M.C.L.P.Pleumeekers, A.A.Kodentsov, F.J.J.Van Loo: Acta Materialia, 2000, 48[2], 385-96
Figure 17
Interdiffusion in Fe-Pd
Table 20
Activation Parameters for Interdiffusion in Ni-Pd at 900 to 1200C
Ni (at%) | E (kJ/mol) | Do (m2/s) |
15.4 | 233.8 | 8.6 x 10-5 |
23.1 | 234.2 | 1.6 x 10-4 |
32.2 | 217.4 | 5.5 x 10-5 |
42.2 | 209.3 | 3.8 x 10-5 |
52.1 | 209.9 | 4.2 x 10-5 |
62.1 | 202.7 | 1.8 x 10-5 |
73.5 | 204.0 | 1.2 x 10-5 |
86.6 | 212.1 | 1.1 x 10-5 |
Table 21
Intrinsic Diffusion of Ni in Ni-Pd at 1100C
Ni (at%) | Couple | D (m2/s) |
6.6 | multi-foil | 3.3 x 10-15 |
13 | multi-foil | 6.9 x 10-15 |
17.6* | incremental | 1.8 x 10-14 |
25 | multi-foil | 1.98 x 10-14 |
37 | multi-foil | 3.53 x 10-14 |
40.3* | incremental | 4.9 x 10-14 |
48 | multi-foil | 3.74 x 10-14 |
51.6* | incremental | 3.4 x 10-14 |
58 | multi-foil | 2.97 x 10-14 |
58.5* | incremental | 3.3 x 10-14 |
68 | multi-foil | 1.98 x 10-14 |
77 | multi-foil | 7.2 x 10-15 |
82.6* | incremental | 3.8 x 10-15 |
85 | multi-foil | 2.2 x 10-15 |
92 | multi-foil | 1.5 x 10-15 |
* concentration at the Kirkendall plane
Table 22
Intrinsic Diffusion of Pd in Ni-Pd at 1100C
Ni (at%) | Couple | D (m2/s) |
6.6* | multi-foil | 3.3 x 10-15 |
13* | multi-foil | 9.7 x 10-15 |
17.6 | incremental | 2.0 x 10-14 |
25* | multi-foil | 2.34 x 10-14 |
37* | multi-foil | 3.85 x 10-14 |
40.3 | incremental | 6.5 x 10-14 |
48* | multi-foil | 4.97 x 10-14 |
51.6 | incremental | 4.7 x 10-14 |
58* | multi-foil | 4.51 x 10-14 |
58.5 | incremental | 4.3 x 10-14 |
68* | multi-foil | 3.11 x 10-14 |
77* | multi-foil | 2.08 x 10-14 |
82.6 | incremental | 8.1 x 10-15 |
85* | multi-foil | 1.19 x 10-14 |
92* | multi-foil | 6.4 x 10-15 |
* concentration at the Kirkendall plane
Table 23
Interdiffusion in Fe-Pd at 1100C
Fe (at%) | D (m2/s) |
9.5 | 1.16 x 10-14 |
21.8 | 3.43 x 10-14 |
31.7 | 6.13 x 10-14 |
45.0 | 3.71 x 10-14 |
51.6 | 2.61 x 10-14 |
61.0 | 1.40 x 10-14 |
71.8 | 5.7 x 10-15 |
80.9 | 3.3 x 10-15 |
89.9 | 2.8 x 10-15 |
Table 24
Intrinsic Diffusion of Fe in Fe-Pd at 1100C
Fe (at%) | D (m2/s) |
0 | 2.7 x 10-15 |
9.5 | 4.3 x 10-15 |
21.8 | 2.95 x 10-14 |
31.7 | 4.61 x 10-14 |
45.0 | 4.28 x 10-14 |
51.6 | 3.59 x 10-14 |
61.0 | 1.16 x 10-14 |
71.8 | 4.1 x 10-15 |
80.9 | 2.1 x 10-15 |
89.9 | 9.4 x 10-16 |
100 | 1.0 x 10-15 |
Table 25
Intrinsic Diffusion of Pd in Fe-Pd at 1100C
Fe (at%) | D (m2/s) |
0 | 1.5 x 10-15 |
9.5 | 3.8 x 10-15 |
21.8 | 2.48 x 10-14 |
31.7 | 3.10 x 10-14 |
45.0 | 2.80 x 10-14 |
51.6 | 2.20 x 10-14 |
61.0 | 6.8 x 10-15 |
71.8 | 2.7 x 10-15 |
80.9 | 1.6 x 10-15 |
89.9 | 7.8 x 10-16 |
100 | 1.0 x 10-15 |
Figure 18
Interdiffusion in Ni-Pd
(a: 1200C, b: 1100C, c: 1050C, d: 1000C, e: 900C)