A scanning tunnelling microscopic study was made of (110) surfaces. Various types of intrinsic defect were produced by treatment at temperatures above 1070K, under ultra-high vacuum. These were mainly (001) single steps, (001) line defects, and O vacancies. Atomically resolved scanning tunnelling microscopic images made it possible to determine their geometrical structures. Together with additional data from voltage-dependent images, the present results were used to develop simple structural models for electrostatically neutral (001) single-steps on (110) surfaces and for (001) line defects. The latter consisted of Ti vacancies and O vacancies along the [001] direction.

The Geometric Structure of Intrinsic Defects at TiO2(110) Surfaces: an STM Study. Fischer, S., Munz, A.W., Schierbaum, K.D., Göpel, W.: Surface Science, 1995, 337[1-2], 17-30