State-of-the-art commercial ZnO substrate materials grown either by chemical vapor transport or by a hydrothermal technique were investigated by photoluminescence. All of the sharp lines around 3.36eV were identified as being donor bound exciton (D0,X) lines; based upon their associated 2-electron satellites. Study of the 2-electron satellite transitions yielded information on the donor specific 1s ↔ 2p single-particle binding energy of each donor. This permitted the determination of the donor binding energies and the correlation to the exciton binding energies (Haynes’ rule).

Donor-Related Defect States in ZnO Substrate Material. Schildknecht, A., Sauer, R., Thonke, K.: Physica B, 2003, 340-342, 205-9