Experimental investigations and computer simulations were made of D-trapping at the normal angle of incidence. The primary energy of the D atoms ranged from 2.5 to 30eV. The trapping coefficient could vary 7-fold at the very low energies, depending upon the surface conditions. Computer simulations which were based upon the binary collision approximation model, and took account of the binding between incoming ions and surface atoms, gave good agreement with experimental data. Effective binding energies of 0.3 to 3.0eV were estimated by comparing the experimental data with the calculations.

Trapping of Deuterium by Niobium at eV Ion Bombardment Energies. A.A.Evanov, V.A.Kurnaev, D.V.Levchuk, A.A.Pisarev: Journal of Nuclear Materials, 1999, 271-272, 330-2