It was found that the ionic transference numbers, measured by using the concentration cell method at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000K, varied from 0.7 to 0.3. The total conductivity of this ceramic material was an order of magnitude lower than that of cubic yttria-stabilized zirconia. The activation enthalpy for electronic conduction was high (193kJ/mol) when compared with that for ionic conduction (71kJ/mol).

I.C.Vinke, J.Diepgrond, B.A.Boukamp, K.J.De Vries, A.J.Burggraaf: Solid State Ionics, 1992, 57[1-2], 83-9