Metal Dusting Reaction Mechanisms

Young, David J.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.522-523.15

Paper Titles

Advanced Coatings on High Temperature Applications
p.1

Metal Dusting Reaction Mechanisms
p.15

High Temperature Passive Oxidation Mechanism of CVD SiC
p.27

Void Formation in Magnetite Scale Formed on Iron at 823 K -Elucidation by Chemical Potential Distribution-
p.37

Transition from External to Internal Oxidation of Single Phase Binary Alloys
p.45

Behaviour of Copper and Nickel during High Temperature Oxidation of Steel Containing Them
p.53

Modern Analytical Techniques in High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion
p.61

In Situ Study of Real Structure Effects on the Initial Oxidation of FeCrAl Alloys by Two-Dimensional High Temperature X-Ray Diffraction
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Oxidation of a Low Carbon, Low Silicon Steel in Air at 600-920°C
p.77

HomeMaterials Science ForumHigh-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion 2005Metal Dusting Reaction Mechanisms

Metal Dusting Reaction Mechanisms

Abstract:

Iron and nickel, model alloys of Ni-Cu and Fe-Cr, and commercial heat resisting alloys were exposed at 650-680oC to flowing CO-H2-H2O gases which were supersaturated with respect to carbon. All ferritic materials, including chromia and alumina formers, developed a coke deposit of carbon nanotubes, the growth of which was catalysed by nanoparticles of Fe3C. Austenitic materials formed graphite filaments and clusters in association with nanoparticles of austenite. Graphite cluster formation was suppressed by alloying copper with nickel. The sensitivity of coking kinetics to alloy copper content was consistent with a mechanism involving graphite nucleation within the subsurface metal. Chromia forming alloys resisted dusting until damage to the scale could no longer be repaired by Cr2O3 regrowth, and carbon gained access to chromium – depleted metal.

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volumes 522-523)

Main Theme:

High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion 2005

Edited by:

Shigeji Taniguchi, Toshio Maruyama, Masayuki Yoshiba, Nobuo Otsuka and Yuuzou Kawahara

Pages:

15-26

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.522-523.15

Citation:

D. J. Young "Metal Dusting Reaction Mechanisms ", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 522-523, pp. 15-26, 2006

Online since:

August 2006

Authors:

David J. Young

Keywords:

Carbon Nanotube (CN), Carburization, Catalysis, Cementite, Coking, Thermal Cycling

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Paper TitlePages

Graphitization Behavior of a Spray Formed Ultra High Carbon Steel during Hot Rolling

Authors: Hai Sheng Shi, Guang Min Luo, Jun Fei Fan, Yi Jian Lin, Jing Guo Zhang

Abstract: The effect of hot rolling parameters on graphitization of a spray formed ultra high carbon steels(UHCSs) was described. The number of graphite stringers and graphite area fractions increased with the increase of rolling reduction. Graphite stringers nucleated at small pores and grew by carbon diffusion from adjacent austenite during hot rolling. Alloy contents, pores and hot deformation atγ+Fe3C phase range are the key factors for graphitization.The graphite stringers of UHCSs have little effect on tensile strength, but reduce the ductility at room temperature.

4550

Catalytic Decomposition of Ethylene on Nanocrystalline Cobalt

Authors: Urszula Narkiewicz, Marcin Podsiadły, Iwona Pełech, Waleran Arabczyk, M.J. Woźniak, Krzysztof Jan Kurzydlowski

Abstract: Nanocrystalline cobalt was carburised with ethylene in the range 340– 500°C to obtain Co(C) nanocapsules. The carbon deposit was reduced by a flow of hydrogen in the range 500– 560°C. The reduction kinetics were studied using thermogravimetry, described by the equation: α = Α[1-exp(-kt)n]. The apparent activation energy of the reduction process of the carbon deposit was determined. After carburisation and reduction the samples were examined by XRD and HRTEM.

249

Carbon Nanotubes Preparation Using Carbon Monoxide from the Pyrolysis Flame

Authors: Bao Min Sun, Yuan Chao Liu, Zhao Yong Ding

Abstract: Carbon nanotube is a new kind of carbon material. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes from V-type pyrolysis flame is a kind of novel technique. It needs simple laboratory equipments and normal atmosphere pressure. The V-type pyrolysis flame experimental system is introduced. Carbon source is the carbon monoxide which is carried to the middle pipe of V-type pyrolysis flame combustor. Heat source is from acetylene /air premixed flame. Pentacarbonyl iron, served as catalyst, is transported by spray- pyrolysis method into the burner. The carbon nanotubes were characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The diameter of carbon nanotubes is approximate 20nm and its length is dozens of microns. The impact of the temperature, reactant composition and catalyst was analyzed to reveal the rule of carbon nanotube growth. Carbon nanotubes with good form and less impurity can be captured when the temperature was from 800°C to 1000°C and carbon monoxide/hydrogen/helium mixed gas flow was supplied. The effective diameter of pentacarbonyl iron nanoparticles is approximate from 5nm to 20nm in the process of carbon nanotube formation. Mechanism of carbon nanotube base on the V-type pyrolysis flame method was proposed. The carbon “dissolved-proliferation-separate out” theory can be used to explain how the pentacarbonyl iron catalyses carbon monoxide to form carbon nanotubes.

104

The Complexity of the Microstructural Changes during the Partitioning Step of the Quenching and Partitioning Process in Low Carbon Steels

Authors: Maria Jesus Santofimia, Lie Zhao, Yoshiki Takahama, Jilt Sietsma

Abstract: The quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process is a novel heat treatment for the development of advanced high strength steels that is raising an elevated interest by steel makers and steel researchers around the world. The reason is that reported results on mechanical properties, showing promising levels of forming and strength, are proving this new type of steel as a serious competitor of TRIP, DP and martensitic steels. The Q&P heat treatment consists of an initial partial or full austenitisation, followed by a quench to form a controlled amount of martensite and an isothermal treatment to partition the carbon from the martensite to the austenite. Although the path of the heat treatment is simple, the investigations have shown that the evolution of the microstructure during the application of the Q&P process is rather complicated. Processes occurring during the partitioning step, such as the migration of the interfaces, the carbon accumulation near the austenite interfaces and the carbon diffusion through ferrite, have strong effects on the resulting microstructure. In this work, the most important microstructural changes found during the application and simulation of the partitioning step of the Q&P process are analysed and discussed. Procedures to control the microstructure development in the application of the Q&P process are proposed.

3485

Electron Microscopy Study of Y-Shaped Carbon Fibers with Different Morphologies

Authors: Qian Zhang, Li Feng Dong

Abstract: A series of techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to investigate three types of Y-shaped carbon fibers that were synthesized by the thermal decomposition of acetylene using an atmospheric pressure catalytic chemical vapor deposition process and copper tartrate as a catalyst precursor. On the basis of electron microscopy analysis, we propose that the simultaneous growth of three pieces of carbon fibers on the same copper catalyst particle results in the formation of Y-shaped carbon fibers. When several copper catalyst particles became positioned in a stratified arrangement, other types of Y-shaped carbon fibers were obtained. Our study indicates that the morphology of various Y-shaped carbon fibers can be controlled by tailoring the configuration of the copper catalyst particles used to generate them.

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