Stress Investigation in Pavement Layers and a New Nalculation Model

The paper is devoted to the comparison results of experimental data and theoretical stress calculations (arising in pavement layers made from granular materials). The formulas of continuum mechanics and mechanics for granular materials and mathematical dependences, got in accordance with engineering calculation method, were taken as a calculation model. The experimental stress values, measured by Steven B.D. using ring stand (University of Canterbury), were applied as a standard. The ring stand ley us employ moving loads to the stand segments with pavement constructed over the ring stand. It was discovered that the best match of values of experimental and calculation data is got by stress computing based on formulas of mechanics for granular materials (M.E. Harr or I.I. Kandaurov) or continuum mechanics, but with O.C. Frohlich parameter added to С.R. Foster, R.G. Ahlvin and H.H. Ulery’s formula. This Frohlich parameter can be taken as a material parameter. In the conclusion the authors show the way of modification of the well-known approaches in mechanics for granular materials. This new way makes possible to calculate minimum principal stress σ3.The modified mathematical relationships of principal stress calculation can be used in models for elastic, plastic, elastic-plastic deformation calculations and in conditions of plasticity.

References

[1] R.D. Barksdale, Laboratory Evaluation of Rutting in Base course Materials, in: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, London, 1972, pp.161-174.

[2] H. Wolff, A. Visser, Incorporating elasto-plasticity in granular layer pavement design, J. Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers Transport. 105 (1994) 259-272.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/itran.1994.27137

[3] V. Veverka, Raming van de Spoordiepte bij Wegen met Cen Bitumineuze Verharding, J. De Wegentechniek. 24. №3 (1979) 25-45.

[4] A S. Aleksandrov, T. V. Semenova and N. P. Aleksandrova, Analysis of permanent deformations in granular materials of road structures, J. Road and Bridges. 15 (2016) 263-276.

[5] A.S. Aleksandrov, G.V. Dolgih, A.L. Kalinin, Analysis and Modeling of Process of Residual Deformations Accumulation in Soils and Granular Materials, in: IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 262, 2017, 012004.

[6] K. Roscoe, A. Schofield, A. Thurairajah, Yielding of clays in state wetter than critical, J. Geotechnique. 13, №3 (1963) 211-240.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1963.13.3.211

[7] P.V. Lade, J.M. Duncan, Elastoplastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil, J. Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE. 101. №. 10 (1975) 1037-1053.

[8] H. Matsuoka, T. Nakai, Stress-deformation and strength characteristics of soil under three different principal stresses, J. Proceedings Japanese Society Civil Engineering. 232 (1974) 59-70.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2208/jscej1969.1974.232_59

[9] A. S. Aleksandrov and A.L. Kalinin, Improvement of shear strength design of a road structure Part 1 Deformations in J. Mohr, Coulomb plasticity condition Engineering and construction magazine. 7(59) (2015) 4-17.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5862/mce.59.1

[10] D.C. Drucker, W. Prager, Soil mechanics and plastic analysis of limit design, J. Quarterly of applied mechanics. 10. №2 (1952) 157-165.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/qam/48291

[11] C.R. Foster, R.G. Ahlvin, Stresses and deflections induced by a uniform circular load, J. Proc. Highway Research Board. 33 (1954) 236-246.

[12] R.G. Ahlvin, H.H. Ulery, Tabulated Values for Determining the Complete Pattern of Stresses, Strains and Deflections Beneath a Uniform Load on a Homogeneous Half Space, Bull.342, Highway Research Record, 1962, pp.1-13.

[13] R.F. Craig, Soil Mechanics, seventh ed., Department of Civil Engineering, University of Dundee, UK. Published by Taylor & Francis e-Library, London and New York, (2004).

[14] B.M. Das, Advanced soil mechanics, third ed., Taylor & Francis, New York, (2008).

[15] B.D. Steven, The development and verification of a pavement response and performance model for unbound granular pavements. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury, (2005).

[16] I.I. Kandaurov, Mekhanika zernistykh sred i yeye primeneniye v stroitelstve [Mechanics of granulated solids and its application in construction], Stroyizdat, Moscow, (1966).

[17] M.E. Harr, Mechanics of Particulate Media, McGraw-Hill, NY, New York, (1977).

[18] B.S. Radovskiy, Pervyye predstavleniya o prochnosti i raschete dorozhnykh odezhd: dorozhnyye odezhdy do XX veka [First perceptions about the strength and calculation of road pavements: pavement until the twentieth century], in: Dorozhnaya tekhnika. 2012, pp.120-133.

[19] R.D. Espinoza, J.D. Bray, An integrated approach to evaluating single-layer reinforced soils, J. Geosynthetics inter-nationals. 2. №. 4 (1995) 723-739.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/gein.2.0033

[20] J.P. Giroud, L. Noiray, Geotextile-reinforced Unpaved Road Design, J. Geotechncial Engineering, ASEC. 107 (1981) 1233-1254.

[21] G. Raumann, Geotextiles in unpaved roads: design considerations, in: Proceedings of the second international conference on geotextiles, Vol. 2, Las Vegas, 1982, pp.417-422.

[22] J.B. Sellmeijer, C.J. Kenter, C. Van den Berg, Calculation method for fabric reinforced road, in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Geotextiles, IFAI, Vol. 2, 1982, pp.393-398.

[23] J.P. Love, Analytical and Model Studies of Reinforcement of a Layer of Granular Fill on Soft Clay Subgrade, J. Canadian Geotechnical Journal.24. №.49 (1987) 611-622.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t87-075

[24] A.S. Aleksandrov, A.L. Kalinin, M.V. Tsyguleva, Distribution capacity of sandy soils reinforced with geosynthetics, J. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 66, Issue 6 (2016) 35-48.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5862/mce.66.4