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Online since: August 2015
Authors: Jordan Mężyk, Piotr Czajka, Wojciech Mizak
Processing and analysis of measurement data from both vision tracts was performed using the Matlab programming environment.
The panoramic images compared to the images obtained directly from the area scan camera of the two vision tracts have the following advantages: reduction of reflections (due to the limitation of the measurement area to a narrow slice), reduction of visible at the edges of the image distortions of perspective and vague areas (especially important in the case of the infrared camera).
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Yan Shuang Meng, Fu Liang Zhu
As can be seen from Fig.1 that with the temperature increasing, there were enhancement in the sample diffraction peak intensity and reduction in the full width at half-maximum due to the improvement of crystallinity and grain growth with increase in temperature.
It is noticed in this figure that no phosphorescence is observed in SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ without B2O3, although phase formation is complete according to XRD data.
But too many B2O3 results in the formation of Sr4Al14O25 and the reduction of luminescence intensity.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Yan Li He, Hai Ying Ma, Jing Yi Wang
The numerical result is compared with the experiment data in literature in terms of chip shape, cutting forces, and sub-surface damage towards the proper selection of chip formation technology and separation criteria in FRP machining simulation.
The material degradation corresponds to stiffness reduction and stress reduction, so engineering constants and stress components at material points are set as zero upon failure.
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Marcos A.S. Barrozo, Luiz Gustavo Martins Vieira, S.M. Gonçalves, Yanne Novais Kyriakidis
The model of granulometric distribution (X) that better fitted the experimental data was the Rosin-Ramler-Bennet (RRB) (Eq. 1), and the parameters found were d63.2 = 12.45μm and n = 0.91 (R² = 0.996)
DU (mm) η (%) d’50 (µm) RL (%) CVU (%) QF (cm3/s) Eu 3 53.22 16.05 0.70 44.16 414 862 4 61.96 12.59 2.05 23.91 399 931 5 61.80 12.01 7.82 7.54 403 908 According to Table 1, it was observed that a reduction of the underflow orifice diameter (DU) decreased the separation efficiency (η) by 14% and caused the rise of the cut size diameter (d’50) by 33%.
Despite the reduction in terms of total efficiency, lower DU presented smaller underflow-to-throughput (RL) values, which positively affected the volumetric concentration of the underflow stream (CVU), reducing the amount of liquid wasted on this stream.
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Mirosław Wróbel, Dorota Byrska-Wójcik, Andrij Milenin
In the process of continuous dieless drawing of carbon steel wire, Tiernan and Hillery [4] achieved uniform reductions of cross section up to 72% in a single pass.
The maximum achieved reduction in area was 30–40%.
A quantitative model of strain induced roughness can be presented based on experimental data using linear interpolation of the dependence of roughness on longitudinal strain: Rε=R0+εRmax-R0εmax, (3) where: R0 – initial roughness of the wire before dieless drawing; Rmax – strain induced roughness at maximum elongation depending on temperature (Fig. 8); εmax – the magnitude of the longitudinal strain preceding the breaking of the wire (Fig. 5), ε – current longitudinal strain in the dieless drawing.
Online since: September 2006
Authors: Wolfgang Nierlich, Juergen Gegner, Mandy Brückner
The reduction of the normalized line width FWHM/B at the surface amounts to b/B≥0.77.
The data stem from rig tests with taper roller and ball bearings and can thus be correlated with statistical parameters of the failure distribution, e.g. bearing life related to 10 % failure percentage, L10.
The associated lifetime reduction conforms to the strength of the damage mechanism and can range from the lower fatigue strength region to material ratcheting in extreme cases.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yu Han Xiong, Hong Hua
Reducing the energy consumption and carbon emissions of transportation industry has become an important task for China’s energy conservation and emission reduction.
“The Planning of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction for Highway and Waterway Transportation in the 12th Five-year of China” presented the demonstration project of new energy vehicles and supported to replace and obsolete aging cars with new energy vehicles.
Firstly, Chengyang’s actual datum of 2010 and planning datum of 2015 is adopted to calculate “Urban Transportation Synthetical Low-carbonization Development Index (UTSLDI)”.
Online since: July 2016
Authors: Pavel Svoboda, Helmut Kurth
Service Water Although the water requirements of the individual construction processes are known, in practice these data are used only for such facilities as central concrete mixing plants, etc.
At the same time the design must solve the protection of wells in the proximity of the site and the influence of ground water level on vegetation; · assurance that the required water quantity is really delivered by the maintenance of water supply pipelines; · if permitted by construction technology, reduction of the paved areas to facilitate maximum rainwater infiltration; · not to put obstacles in the way of flood flows by the location of construction plant and temporary buildings, · generally speaking: not to increase the quantity of water drained off the site, but to try to put it to some use.
When designing contractor´s plant and site equipment it is necessary, in the first place, to provide the rainwater drainage, drainage trenches or mine water pumping systems with settling tanks serving the pre-treatment of waste water, based on the principle of flow velocity reduction enabling the settlement of insoluble materials in the sludge basin.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: Andrea di Schino, Paolo Emilio di Nunzio, Gustavo Lopez Turconi
Cleaning of data was performed according to a confidence index higher than 0.1.
This result allows to suppose that a strain-induced mechanism of martensite formation is actually operating and that the reduction of the packet size in the central region is the consequence of the activation of a higher number of martensite nuclei per unit volume compared with the sub-surface zones.
The effect of tempering temperature on hardness reduction is reported in Fig. 6. 0 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0 20 40 60 Degrees Probability density (degrees -1) Q Q&T 250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 410 600 620 640 660 680 700 Tempering temperature (°C) HV10 Fig. 6.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Ahmad Hadri Husain, Noor Faisal Abas
Reduction in cement in the concrete mix can certainly help reduce the dependence on cement, which is one cause of global warming [7].
The complete data of this test is summarized for better analysis in Figure 1, which presents the result for the compressive strength that was obtained from all specimens.
As is widely reported, the typical order of a 10% reduction in compressive strength is compared to the normal concrete [18, 19].
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