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The properties of filler material in weld seams are accounted for by a ghost material approach.
Material is initialized as ghost material and is activated, i.e. it is given base material properties, when the temperature reaches the melting point.
On the left, all material is activated at the beginning, on the right, ghost material is used as filler material.
[2] Åkerström P., Oldenburg M.: “Austenite decomposition during press hardening of a boron steel – Computer simulation and test”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 174, 2006, 399-406
Model-ling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 15: 105-119, 2007

Material Properties.
The material of two wheels scooter is alloy steel and the material properties are listed in Table.1.
Table 1 The material properties.
Material Alloy steel Poisson ratio 0.33 Yield strength 2.75742e+007 N/m^2 Mass density 2700 kg/m^3 Tensile strength 6.89356e+007 N/m^2 Modulus of rigidity 2.7e+010 N/m^2 Modulus of elasticity 6.9e+010 N/m^2 Thermal expansion coefficient 2.4e-005 /Kelvin Mesh Generation.
Li: Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University Vol. 29 (2013), p. 13-16 (In Chinese) [2] T.X.

Multilayer ceramic composite structure was formed by 7-layer materials and the section size was 240 × 60mm.
Front panel and back panel materials both were 685 steel and their thicknesses were 6mm and 20mm.
Physical and mechanics parameters of materials were selected based on literature [3,4].
Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2003
Numerical analysis of the ballistic performance of confined ceramic composite targets against long rod penetrators: Journal of University of Science and Technology of China, 2007, 37(7): 727~731.

PLA application has a huge market in the biomedical engineering, coatings, films, thermoplastic materials, textile, packing and other fields[2].
It become a hot topics of current research by using natural plant crystalline cellulose as PLA reinforcement fiber to develop a lightweight, high-performance, low-cost, fully biodegradable materials[3]。
Experiment Materials Corn stalk, taken from the corn field；PLA was provided by Jinan Dai gang biological science co., Ltd.
Tang: Journal of Beijing Forestry University Vol. 30(2008), p. 1
Yano: Composites Science and Technology Vol. 69(2009), p. 1187.

Introduction Luminescent molecular materials based on rare-earth complexes are a very popular study field.
They are broad applicated in biochemistry, material chemistry, Medicine and so on, For example luminescent polymer films, active optical fibers for data transmission1,2, and light-emitting devices3,4 and probes of biological macromolecule systems5.
ZR2010BL025)，State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry (Jilin University)(No. 2011-13), MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Nanjing University)(No.
KLACLS1002) and the National Science Foundation of China (No. 21171132) References: [1] Bunzli J.
[5] Liang Oyang, Hao-Ling Sun, Xin-Yi Wang, Jun-Ran Li, Dao-Bo Nie, Wen-Fu Fu, Song Gao, Kai-Bei Yu, Journal of Molecular Structure, 740, 175(2005).

For metal material, the push and draw stress is the same in the range of elastic deformation [10].
When the ingredients get a certain density, these materials enter the die hole.
According to the conceptual design model, the shrimp ring die diameter is determined of 420mm, the effective width is determined of 185mm. considering the strength and wears resistance requirements, 42CrMo is selected as the ring die materials.
According to the Eq. (7), Eq.(8), Eq. (9), the ring mold material to determine the equivalent elastic modulus E = 19400 MPa.
[9] Youbai Xie: China Mechanical Engineering, Vol.11(1-2)(2000), p.26~32 [10] Yancong Li: Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences，Vol. 39(13)2011, p.8100~8101

China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology a szwang0001@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Sol-gel; Highly reflective coatings; High laser-induced damage threshold.
Experiment Materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the following funds: (1) Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology(ammt2012A-11)(2) the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 122300410205); (3) Young Teachers Project of Henan Province (No.2008755009); (4) the Key Science and Technology Project of Nan Yang City (No.2010GG023); (5) the science and technology research project of the Education Department of Henan province (No.12B430017).
Liu: Journal of Tongji University (Natural science).
Zhang: Rare metal Materials and Engineering.Vol.S2 (2010), p.012.

Then, the X-ray compound refractive lenses have developed mainly in the material and the structure of lenses [3, 4, 5].
The materials of lenses include the low-Z materials, such as, Li, Be, B, C, Al, Cu, and the polymer, such as SU-8 photoresist and PMMA.
The material in the white part is taken away.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60672014) and BEPC National Laboratory.
Chinese Journal of Semiconductors.25, 26-29(2004) [10] Le Z CH, Zhang M, Liang J Q, et al.: Design and fabrication of one-dimensional focusing X-ray compound lens with Al material.

Monge and Birken [7] considered two domains with jumps in the conductivity coefficient of material through the connection interface.
The material of this latter is an expanded polystyrene sheet, which is the most used in this kind of structures.
In 40th AIAA ASME ASCE AHS ASC structures, structural dynamics and materials conference, St Louis, MO, 1999
Delaune, Simulation numérique des équations de Navier-Stokes, Projet de Physique P6-3 STPI/P6-3/2011–39, institut national des sciences appliquées de Rouen département sciences et techniques pour l’Ingénieur, de l'université -76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, 2012
Chamkha, Fluid-structure interaction study of natural convection heat transfer over a flexible oscillating fin in a square cavity, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 111 (2017) 256e273

Through comparative analysis, this two materials combination has good use of quality, it has greatly better than other materials such as lime-fly-ash stabilize crushed stone and lime-fly-ash soil and other materials.
Use steel slag cement hydration and steel slag and fly ash volcanic ash reaction to make a certain strength pavement base material, raise pavement base materials ratio and compare with several common pavement base materials strength properties.
Test materials.
Comparative test the raw materials: soil, stone chips, lime, cement and so on.
Journal of wuhan of technology and science university, Wu Han, Vol.20(1), 24-26(2001) [2] Ting, X.C.Research and application of steel slag and fly-ash stabilized base material.