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Introduction An expanding ring test is an excellent tool for determining ductility and fragmentation of materials at a high-strain-rate.
An expanding ring technique is also an effective method for assessing the statistical fracture and fragmentation characteristics of the materials [4].
Thus, the ring test guarantees model conditions of dynamic experiments and can be used for validation of numerical hydrocodes predicted the fragmentation of materials [5].
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland (Grant No. 0019/T02T2006/30).
Materials Park, OH: ASM International; (2000), p. 939¸1270

Quartz ceramic has a great potential use in engineering ceramic materials.
Introduction Quartz ceramics refer to products which use amorphous SiO2 or fused quartz as raw materials, prepared by traditional ceramic shaping technology.
Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 5072073.
Wang: Process of refractory materials, Metallurgy Industry Press, Beijing, China, 1984, p.276
Guinea J, Effect of dopants in the luminescent properties of synthetic quartz for Dosimetric purpose, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 4(2003)871-874

The material hardness represents the resistant capacity to plastic deformation.
It is more convenient to measure the surface hardness of material than others.
The material of the front axle was 20 steel, the gear is MnCr.
The chemical compositions of different material are given in Table 1.
[7] Songlin Z: Journal of Mechanical Strength Vol. 24 (2002), p. 547~549.

Study on new industrial briquette composite binder using response surface methodology ZHAO Wei1,a, LI Yuan-cai1,b and Tong Xing-lin2,c 1.State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China 2.National Engineering Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China ajiangsuzhaowei@163.com, bleeycchina@yahoo.com.cn, ctongxinglin@whut.edu.cn Keywords: briquette binder, modified peat, modified clay, bonding mechanism Abstract: To develop a new industrial briquette composite binder, response surface methodology was used to arrange experiments, with modified peat(MP），mixed wastes(WS)，modified clay 2(C2) and clay 1(C1) as raw materials.
Based on this, MP and WS were chosen as organic binder, with C1 and C2 as inorganic binder in experiment to obtain a new briquette composite binder. 1 Experimental 1.1 Materials The feed coal used in experiment is the mixture of Shanxi coal and Guizhou coal.
Table 1 Industrial analysis of feed coal Material Mad/% Aad/% Vad/% FCad/% feed coal 4.72 22.85 12.06 60.38 Table 2 Analysis of peat Material Mad/% Aad/% HA/% H/% UH/% peat 10.17 40.16 41.23 19.77 4.02 The main analysis of peat is shown in Table 2, where the content of the total humic acid (HA), the unhydrolyte(UH) and the hydrolyte(H) is determined according to the method of related documents[7].
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 2010,88(1):80-90
Molding sand[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1992.

., Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Korea 3 Korea Sport Science Institute, Seoul, Korea a cowas87@hanmail.net, bmechhsk@inje.ac.kr, cychoi@inje.ac.kr, dmechkb@inje.ac.kr Keywords: Thermal instability, Hot spot, Transient analysis, Brake dynamometer, Braking time, Coupled analysis, Dynamic analysis Abstract.
In the conventional braking analysis, frictional heat generation is only related to wheel speed, friction material, and the interface pressure.
Table 1 expresses material properties of the disc and the pad for the simulation.
Table 1 Material properties of the disc and the pad [6] Material Properties Modules of Elasticity []Pa , Ε 9125 10× Poisson's Ratio, ν 0.25 Thermal Expansion Coefficient, α 612 10−× Thermal Conductivity []W mC , Κ 54 Specific heat []J kgC , C 586 disc Density 3[ ]kg m , ρ 7100 Modules of Elasticity []Pa , Ε 90.53 10× Poisson's Ratio, ν 0.25 Thermal Expansion Coefficient, α 630 10−× Thermal Conductivity []W mC , Κ 0.5 Specific heat []J kgC , C 1034 pad Density 3[ ]kg m , ρ 3660 Fig. 3 Contact - target element Heat transfer boundary condition.
Barber: "Frictionally excited thermoelastic instability in automotive disc brakes," Journal of Tribology, Transactions of ASME Vol. 115 (1997), pp. 607-614 [2] Chung-kyun Kim and Buo-yong Sung: "Thermal behavior analysis of disc brake system during quick braking", KAME A, 22, 6 (1998), pp. 1106-1113 [3] Tae-hee Lee, Kwang-ki Lee and Sang-jin Jeong: "Optional design for the thermal deformation of disc brake by using design of experiments and finite element analysis", KSME Vol. 25 No. 12 (2001), pp. 1960-1965 [4] T.K.

Material Properties.
Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank National Nature Science Foundation of China (No: 50675088) and Jiangsu Provincial Nature Science Foundation (No: Bk2007562) for the supporting.
(Jilin Press of science and technology, Jilin, 1997.11).
Advanced Materials Research Vols (2007) p. 39-44 [4] W.
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, (2000), p.133-152

Smart materials, such as piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patches and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), have been used extensively as distributed sensors and actuators[1, 5-7], but they can not suppress the vibrations rapidly because of their limited force outputs.
Ye: Aerospace Science and Technology Vol.13 (2009) p.277
Yang: Journal of Sound and Vibration Vol.275 (2004) p.917
Liu: Journal of Sound and Vibration Vol.296 (2006) p.567
Sun: Yuhang Xuebao/Journal of Astronautics Vol.30 (2009) p.1537.

Introduction Due to unavoidable factors such as manufacturing errors, assembly errors, and deformation of elastic materials, the gear ratio of a pair of gears is not constant.
However, due to unavoidable interference factors such as deformation of elastic materials, assembly errors, and manufacturing errors, the angular displacement of output gear does not comply with Eq. (1).
Kim: Computerized Design, Generation and Simulation of Meshing of Modified Involute Spur Gears with Localized Bearing Contact and Reduced Level of Transmission Errors, Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 119 (1997), pp. 96-100
Chen: Mathematical Models, Meshing Analysis and Transmission Design for a Robust Cylindrical Gear Set Generated by Two Blade-Disks with Parabolic Cutting Edges, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol. 218 (2004), pp. 1539-1553
Lee: Manufacturing Process for a Cylindrical Crown Gear Drive with a Controllable Fourth Order Polynomial Function of Transmission Error, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 209 (2009), pp. 3-13.

EXPERIMENT Materials used and conditions of atmosphere Low carbon steel and copper in D-tube for air conditioner, and a silver-base filler metal were employed in this investigation.
(2) Chung-yun Kang, 2000, "Brazing Defect", Journal of Korean Welding Society, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp.672~674
Nair, 2003, "Microstructural analysis and discontinuities in the brazed zone of copper tubes", Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 141, No. 302 (4) Mandal S.
K., 2004, "Correlation between the Mechanical Properties and Microstructual Behavior of Al203-(Ag-Cu-Ti) Brazed Joints" Mechanical Science and Engineering, A Vol. 383, No. 2, pp. 235~244
C. and Zhou H., 2004, "Microstructure and Strength of Brazed Joints of Ti3Al-Base Alloy with niCrSiB," Materials characterization, Vol. 52, No. 4~5, pp. 309~318

Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2011, 39(1):152-157.
Journal of Shandong Jiaotong University, 2013, 21(1):78-82.
Materials Science and Technology, 2011, 19(2):122-125.
Advanced Materials Research, 2011, (291-294):1526-1531
Advanced Materials Research, 2013, (652-654):1427-1431.