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The Relevant Technology Research on Heat Balance Control of Aluminum Reduction Cell Xiangyang Xia,Jie Li School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering ,Central South University, Changsha,410083，China xia_xy@126.com Keywords: Aluminum Reduction Cell; Energy Balance; Electrolyte Temperature; Energy Saving Abstract: Due to the energy balance control of aluminum reduction cell has not solved so far, it analyzes the impact factors on electrolyzer’s heat balance (i.e., electrolyte temperature), and proposes a corresponding method of heat balance control ,which provides relevant measures for aluminium electrolysis industry ,s energy saving.
Table 1 Indicators table between aluminum electrolyzation technology in China and advanced aluminum enterprises in foreign country Technology type/Featurs North America Western and Northern Europe China Current efficiency [%] 93-94% 94-96 93-94 DC consumption [kWh/kg.Al] 13.8-14.5 13.0-13.2 13.3-13.6 Slot’s working voltage[V] 4.3-4.4 4.05-4.15 4.05-4.18 Anodic current density [A/cm2] 0.8-0.9 0.76-0.82 0.7-0.73 Overplus of aluminum fluoride AlF3[%] 12-13% 13% 8-10% Anode effect coefficient [times/day] 0.03-0.05 0.03 0.1-0.3 Actually, the material balance of aluminum reduction cell has been resolved by alumina concentration’s intelligent control; but the balance control has not got a good solution, that is, to keep the aluminum electrolyte temperature in appropriate range.
[2] LI Jie,DING Feng-qi,LI Ming-jun,etc.Intelligent anode effect prediction method for prebaked-anode aluminum reduction cells[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology,2001,2(1):29-32
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2007,17(7):1182-1187
[9] LI JIE,KONG Ling-shuang,YANG Chun-hua.Raw mix slurry quality prediction model used for alumina sintering production process[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2006，16(3)：536-541

The random variables (rotor speed ω, material density ρ of objects, temperatures at different locations and surface coefficients of heat transfer) were selected in Table.1.
Acknowledges This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 51175017, 51275024), Innovation Foundation of BUAA for Ph.D Graduates and Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education.
Journal of Propulsion and Power 2004; 20(2):302–311
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2005; 127(3): 564–572
Journal of Aerospace Computing, Information and Communication, 2011, 10(1):58–63

Numerical results and discussion The structure discussed in this paper is an isotropic thick elastic cylinder rotating about its center axis, which has the same geometric properties and material properties in literature [5].
Acknowledgements The research is financially supported by the “Strategic Priority Research Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant N0.XDA304000.
Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress and Reliability in Design 1998, 110: 533-537
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The Modal Analysis of Roller Chain Drives Baolin Li1, Shuai Fan1, Yan Zhang2 1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University Of Mining And Technology, Xuzhou221008, Jiangsu, China 2Zaozhuang Vocational College of Science and Technology, Zaozhuang277500, Shandong, China fanxiaoshuai521@163.com Keywords: roller chain, modal analysis, natural frequency, harmonic response Abstract.
Geometrical parameters of tension side chain are shown as follows: pitch p=8mm, the number of inside link plate combination is 10, the number of outside link plate combination is 9, the number of independent hinge pin is 2, elastic modulus E=2.1E5MPa, density of the material ρ = 7.8E3 kg/m.
Journal of Tianjin Institute of Technology.
Journal of Shandong University(Engineering science).
Journal of Mechanical Transmission.

It shows the elastic-plastic buckling of the plastic material mainly.
Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture.(1985), Vol.1, P. 86 .
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Beijing: Science Press,2003.
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Techenology, Vol.25 (2008),P.128 .

Introduction White LEDs has been used widely in lighting field for the advantages of energy-saving and environment-protecting, generally white LEDs used semiconductor emitting chips stimulate phosphor material and mix light form white emission.
[2] Ikeda M S H, Mesopic luminous efficiency functions, Journal of the Optical Society of America,1981,71:280-284
Spectral luminous efficiency functions in the mesopic range, Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science,1986,3(1):71-75
,Journal of Chongqing University (Natural Science Edition), 2007, 30（1）：139~146.

The bearing heat rate’s calculation process and results are shown in Table1 Table 1 The bearing heat rate’s calculation parameter The front bearing The back bearing the heat source， the volume， the heat rate， 3The finite element model The finite element model of the belt spindle is established according to the basic principles of the finite element method, simplified the bearing, making the bearing and septum as a whole, choose the same material, which is convenient for analysis.
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully wish to acknowledge the supports of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51105002), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation and National Key Projects (2011ZX04002-132, 2012ZX04005-021).
References [1] Heqiang.The development trend of high-speed railway bearing，Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology，2012，01，39-43 [2] LI Wei, Research of the CH4 Sensitivity of WO3 Nano Crystalline Powders Made from Gas-state Reaction, Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology，2008，04，19-23 [3] YONG ZHOU , YONGGANG LUO.Double-main shaft double-speed compound numer control milling machine.
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Fig. 1 Geometry of tubular X-joint Fig. 2 Typical analysis model Cowper-Symonds[6] model is adopted to simulate the steel material of tubular joint under impact loading, the dynamic yielding function is : (1) Where, D and n are the rate-dependent parameter (D= 40 s-1, n=5), is dynamic yield stress for steel, is static yield stress yield, and is strain rate for steel.
Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics. 2004, 21(1):26-32.
Journal of Jiangsu university of science and technology (nature science edition). 2007, 21(4): 1-6.
Experimental study on tubular T-joints under drop hammer impact loads [J] Journal of building structures. 2013, 34(4): 65-73.

Sivakumar.P,Christ Raj.W , M.Sridharan, N.Jaya malathi [3].The parent material copper with thermal conductivity (k=385W/m-k) remains the same for both collector tubes.
Bolajia, 2006;“Flow design and collector performance of a natural circulation solar water heater”, Journal of Engineering and Applied sciences 1(1) p.7-13, [2] G.N.Tiwary.
[3] P.Sivakumar, W.Christ Raj, M.Sridharan and N.Jayamalathi, “Performance Comparison of Differently Configured Solar Water Heaters” European Journal of Scientific Research,ISSN 1450-216XVol. 91 No 1 November, 2012,pp.23-31
[4] P.Sivakumar, W.ChristRaj, M.Sridharan and N.Jayamalathi, “Performance improvement study of solar water heating system”, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences January 2012 Vol. 7 No. 1

Study on heat deformation behavior of 1Cr13 martensitic stainless steel The flow stress is a very important concept for the plastic process, so the flow stress of the material studied is a key field of materials processing.
If the numerical simulation uses the finite element method, to establish the constitutive model of materials; constitutive relationship is the description of materials at different deformation temperatures, strain rates.
In this regard, the accuracy is directly related to the accuracy of simulation results between the materials, the materials were measured, also provides a theoretical basis for optimal forging process materials. 1.1 Hot compression test Cr13 stainless steel is martensite heat-resistant stainless steel, after quenching and tempering the material has corrosion resistance, heat resistance, impact toughness, and is a kind of hardenable stainless steel.
Journal of Chongqing University, 2011,7 (34) [4] Hei Zhigang. 316LN stainless steel high temperature plasticity and crack prediction research [D].
Shanxi: Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, 2012